Safety and Danger

Poly-Vagal Theory all boils down to safety and danger. When we sense danger our nervous system switches to fight or flight. We become “on-edge” and prepare for attack. This state is tiring and can only be sustained for so long. When the body stays here too long or is pushed even further, we enter the freeze response as everything starts to shut down. However, when we perceive safety we activate a part of our nervous system reserved for enjoying life with friends and family. This is called our Social Engagement System, and this is what PTSD will rob a life of if left untreated.

The Nervous system

Poly-Vagal Theory teaches us that there are three different parts to the nervous system, not just the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic we learned about in school. The three systems are detailed here:

Ventral Vagal System (Social Engagement): In situations perceived as safe, the ventral vagal system promotes social engagement, connection, and feelings of well-being.

Sympathetic Nervous System (Fight or Flight): When faced with a threat, the sympathetic nervous system activates, preparing the body for fight or flight by increasing heart rate, mobilizing energy, and heightening awareness.

Dorsal Vagal System (Freeze): If a situation is perceived as overwhelming or inescapable, the dorsal vagal system may activate, leading to a “freeze” response characterized by shutdown, dissociation, or disconnection.